PSILOGO

Laboratory for Particle Physics (LTP)


LTP Colloquium

Exploring the Limits of Nuclear Existence: Superheavy Nuclei

Thursday, December 12, 2024, 16:00
WBGB/019

Michael Block, University Mainz & GSI Darmstadt

Abstract:
The study of superheavy nuclei is at the forefront of contemporary nuclear physics. Since the initial prediction of their existence in the 1960s, many isotopes of elements up to Z=118 (Oganesson) have been synthesized and investigated. One of the most intriguing predictions was the existence of the so-called island of stability. Recent data provides strong support for this concept, although it is more accurately described as a region of increased stability. At the GSI Helmholtz Centre in Darmstadt, we have been at the cutting edge of superheavy element research for over 50 years, leading to the discovery of six new chemical elements and conducting numerous pioneering experiments. In recent years, our research program has expanded to investigate the atomic, nuclear, and chemical properties of the heaviest man-made elements comprehensively. In my group, we have extended the capabilities of Penning-trap mass spectrometry to access superheavy nuclides up to Z=105. Additionally, we have launched a laser spectroscopy program aimed at studying both atomic and nuclear properties, using techniques such as isotope shift measurements and hyperfine spectroscopy. These advancements have been made possible by significant methodological and technical developments, which allow for the efficient manipulation of rare isotopes and precision measurements at low energies. Our experiments have produced a wealth of new data that enhances our understanding of the evolution of nuclear shell structure in heavy elements, from fermium to dubnium. These insights have been obtained through complementary methods, providing a comprehensive picture of the behavior in this region. In my presentation, I will provide an overview of the status of superheavy element research and highlight key results from recent measurement campaigns at the GSI in Darmstadt, Germany.